031d894fb8
These notes apply only for the use case of creating a package for redistribution on machines other than that where it is built. Clarify this to readers by placing the discussion in dedicated sections titled accordingly.
159 lines
7.2 KiB
ReStructuredText
159 lines
7.2 KiB
ReStructuredText
target_link_libraries
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---------------------
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Link a target to given libraries.
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::
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target_link_libraries(<target> [item1 [item2 [...]]]
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[[debug|optimized|general] <item>] ...)
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Specify libraries or flags to use when linking a given target. The
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named ``<target>`` must have been created in the current directory by a
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command such as :command:`add_executable` or :command:`add_library`. The
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remaining arguments specify library names or flags. Repeated calls for
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the same ``<target>`` append items in the order called.
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If a library name matches that of another target in the project a
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dependency will automatically be added in the build system to make sure
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the library being linked is up-to-date before the target links. Item names
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starting with ``-``, but not ``-l`` or ``-framework``, are treated as
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linker flags. Note that such flags will be treated like any other library
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link item for purposes of transitive dependencies, so they are generally
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safe to specify only as private link items that will not propagate to
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dependents of ``<target>``.
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A ``debug``, ``optimized``, or ``general`` keyword indicates that the
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library immediately following it is to be used only for the
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corresponding build configuration. The ``debug`` keyword corresponds to
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the Debug configuration (or to configurations named in the
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:prop_gbl:`DEBUG_CONFIGURATIONS` global property if it is set). The
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``optimized`` keyword corresponds to all other configurations. The
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``general`` keyword corresponds to all configurations, and is purely
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optional (assumed if omitted). Higher granularity may be achieved for
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per-configuration rules by creating and linking to
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:ref:`IMPORTED library targets <Imported Targets>`.
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Library dependencies are transitive by default with this signature.
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When this target is linked into another target then the libraries
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linked to this target will appear on the link line for the other
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target too. This transitive "link interface" is stored in the
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:prop_tgt:`INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES` target property and may be overridden
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by setting the property directly. When :policy:`CMP0022` is not set to
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``NEW``, transitive linking is built in but may be overridden by the
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:prop_tgt:`LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES` property. Calls to other signatures
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of this command may set the property making any libraries linked
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exclusively by this signature private.
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CMake will also propagate :ref:`usage requirements <Target Usage Requirements>`
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from linked library targets. Usage requirements of dependencies affect
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compilation of sources in the ``<target>``.
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If an ``<item>`` is a library in a Mac OX framework, the ``Headers``
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directory of the framework will also be processed as a
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:ref:`usage requirement <Target Usage Requirements>`. This has the same
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effect as passing the framework directory as an include directory.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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::
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target_link_libraries(<target>
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<PRIVATE|PUBLIC|INTERFACE> <lib> ...
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[<PRIVATE|PUBLIC|INTERFACE> <lib> ... ] ...])
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The ``PUBLIC``, ``PRIVATE`` and ``INTERFACE`` keywords can be used to
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specify both the link dependencies and the link interface in one command.
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Libraries and targets following ``PUBLIC`` are linked to, and are made
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part of the link interface. Libraries and targets following ``PRIVATE``
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are linked to, but are not made part of the link interface. Libraries
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following ``INTERFACE`` are appended to the link interface and are not
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used for linking ``<target>``.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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::
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target_link_libraries(<target> LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES
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[[debug|optimized|general] <lib>] ...)
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The ``LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES`` mode appends the libraries to the
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:prop_tgt:`INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES` target property instead of using them
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for linking. If policy :policy:`CMP0022` is not ``NEW``, then this mode
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also appends libraries to the :prop_tgt:`LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES` and its
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per-configuration equivalent.
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This signature is for compatibility only. Prefer the ``INTERFACE`` mode
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instead.
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Libraries specified as ``debug`` are wrapped in a generator expression to
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correspond to debug builds. If policy :policy:`CMP0022` is
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not ``NEW``, the libraries are also appended to the
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:prop_tgt:`LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES_DEBUG <LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES_<CONFIG>>`
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property (or to the properties corresponding to configurations listed in
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the :prop_gbl:`DEBUG_CONFIGURATIONS` global property if it is set).
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Libraries specified as ``optimized`` are appended to the
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:prop_tgt:`INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES` property. If policy :policy:`CMP0022`
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is not ``NEW``, they are also appended to the
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:prop_tgt:`LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES` property. Libraries specified as
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``general`` (or without any keyword) are treated as if specified for both
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``debug`` and ``optimized``.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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::
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target_link_libraries(<target>
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<LINK_PRIVATE|LINK_PUBLIC>
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[[debug|optimized|general] <lib>] ...
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[<LINK_PRIVATE|LINK_PUBLIC>
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[[debug|optimized|general] <lib>] ...])
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The ``LINK_PUBLIC`` and ``LINK_PRIVATE`` modes can be used to specify both
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the link dependencies and the link interface in one command.
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This signature is for compatibility only. Prefer the ``PUBLIC`` or
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``PRIVATE`` keywords instead.
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Libraries and targets following ``LINK_PUBLIC`` are linked to, and are
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made part of the :prop_tgt:`INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES`. If policy
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:policy:`CMP0022` is not ``NEW``, they are also made part of the
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:prop_tgt:`LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES`. Libraries and targets following
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``LINK_PRIVATE`` are linked to, but are not made part of the
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:prop_tgt:`INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES` (or :prop_tgt:`LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES`).
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The library dependency graph is normally acyclic (a DAG), but in the case
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of mutually-dependent ``STATIC`` libraries CMake allows the graph to
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contain cycles (strongly connected components). When another target links
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to one of the libraries, CMake repeats the entire connected component.
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For example, the code
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.. code-block:: cmake
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add_library(A STATIC a.c)
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add_library(B STATIC b.c)
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target_link_libraries(A B)
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target_link_libraries(B A)
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add_executable(main main.c)
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target_link_libraries(main A)
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links ``main`` to ``A B A B``. While one repetition is usually
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sufficient, pathological object file and symbol arrangements can require
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more. One may handle such cases by manually repeating the component in
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the last ``target_link_libraries`` call. However, if two archives are
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really so interdependent they should probably be combined into a single
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archive.
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Arguments to target_link_libraries may use "generator expressions"
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with the syntax ``$<...>``. Note however, that generator expressions
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will not be used in OLD handling of :policy:`CMP0003` or :policy:`CMP0004`.
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See the :manual:`cmake-generator-expressions(7)` manual for available
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expressions. See the :manual:`cmake-buildsystem(7)` manual for more on
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defining buildsystem properties.
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Creating Relocatable Packages
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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.. |INTERFACE_PROPERTY_LINK| replace:: :prop_tgt:`INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES`
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.. include:: /include/INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES_WARNING.txt
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