diff --git a/Source/CTest/cmCTestRunTest.cxx b/Source/CTest/cmCTestRunTest.cxx
index 81f18b05c..c3de5dcf6 100644
--- a/Source/CTest/cmCTestRunTest.cxx
+++ b/Source/CTest/cmCTestRunTest.cxx
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ bool cmCTestRunTest::ForkProcess(double testTimeOut, bool explicitTimeout,
 
   if (environment && environment->size()>0)
     {
-    cmSystemTools::AppendEnv(environment);
+    cmSystemTools::AppendEnv(*environment);
     }
 
   return this->TestProcess->StartProcess();
diff --git a/Source/CTest/cmCTestScriptHandler.cxx b/Source/CTest/cmCTestScriptHandler.cxx
index 5841b8d42..d3ab2efda 100644
--- a/Source/CTest/cmCTestScriptHandler.cxx
+++ b/Source/CTest/cmCTestScriptHandler.cxx
@@ -643,11 +643,7 @@ int cmCTestScriptHandler::RunCurrentScript()
     {
     std::vector<std::string> envArgs;
     cmSystemTools::ExpandListArgument(this->CTestEnv.c_str(),envArgs);
-    // for each variable/argument do a putenv
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < envArgs.size(); ++i)
-      {
-      cmSystemTools::PutEnv(envArgs[i].c_str());
-      }
+    cmSystemTools::AppendEnv(envArgs);
     }
 
   // now that we have done most of the error checking finally run the
diff --git a/Source/cmCTest.cxx b/Source/cmCTest.cxx
index 3f7fdc7a2..4aff64bd8 100644
--- a/Source/cmCTest.cxx
+++ b/Source/cmCTest.cxx
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 #include <float.h>
 #include <ctype.h>
 
-#include <memory> // auto_ptr
+#include <cmsys/auto_ptr.hxx>
 
 #include <cm_zlib.h>
 #include <cmsys/Base64.h>
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ int cmCTest::Initialize(const char* binary_dir, cmCTestStartCommand* command)
   cmake cm;
   cmGlobalGenerator gg;
   gg.SetCMakeInstance(&cm);
-  std::auto_ptr<cmLocalGenerator> lg(gg.CreateLocalGenerator());
+  cmsys::auto_ptr<cmLocalGenerator> lg(gg.CreateLocalGenerator());
   cmMakefile *mf = lg->GetMakefile();
   if ( !this->ReadCustomConfigurationFileTree(this->BinaryDir.c_str(), mf) )
     {
@@ -1277,7 +1277,6 @@ int cmCTest::RunTest(std::vector<const char*> argv,
                      std::ostream* log, double testTimeOut,
                      std::vector<std::string>* environment)
 {
-  std::vector<std::string> origEnv;
   bool modifyEnv = (environment && environment->size()>0);
 
   // determine how much time we have
@@ -1334,9 +1333,11 @@ int cmCTest::RunTest(std::vector<const char*> argv,
       }
     std::string oldpath = cmSystemTools::GetCurrentWorkingDirectory();
 
+    cmsys::auto_ptr<cmSystemTools::SaveRestoreEnvironment> saveEnv;
     if (modifyEnv)
       {
-      origEnv = cmSystemTools::AppendEnv(environment);
+      saveEnv.reset(new cmSystemTools::SaveRestoreEnvironment);
+      cmSystemTools::AppendEnv(*environment);
       }
 
     *retVal = inst.Run(args, output);
@@ -1351,11 +1352,6 @@ int cmCTest::RunTest(std::vector<const char*> argv,
       "Internal cmCTest object used to run test." << std::endl
       <<  *output << std::endl);
 
-    if (modifyEnv)
-      {
-      cmSystemTools::RestoreEnv(origEnv);
-      }
-
     return cmsysProcess_State_Exited;
     }
   std::vector<char> tempOutput;
@@ -1364,9 +1360,11 @@ int cmCTest::RunTest(std::vector<const char*> argv,
     *output = "";
     }
 
+  cmsys::auto_ptr<cmSystemTools::SaveRestoreEnvironment> saveEnv;
   if (modifyEnv)
     {
-    origEnv = cmSystemTools::AppendEnv(environment);
+    saveEnv.reset(new cmSystemTools::SaveRestoreEnvironment);
+    cmSystemTools::AppendEnv(*environment);
     }
 
   cmsysProcess* cp = cmsysProcess_New();
@@ -1436,11 +1434,6 @@ int cmCTest::RunTest(std::vector<const char*> argv,
     }
   cmsysProcess_Delete(cp);
 
-  if (modifyEnv)
-    {
-    cmSystemTools::RestoreEnv(origEnv);
-    }
-
   return result;
 }
 
diff --git a/Source/cmSystemTools.cxx b/Source/cmSystemTools.cxx
index 1376a485b..548fa7458 100644
--- a/Source/cmSystemTools.cxx
+++ b/Source/cmSystemTools.cxx
@@ -1630,50 +1630,12 @@ std::vector<std::string> cmSystemTools::GetEnvironmentVariables()
 }
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
-std::vector<std::string> cmSystemTools::AppendEnv(
-  std::vector<std::string>* env)
+void cmSystemTools::AppendEnv(std::vector<std::string> const& env)
 {
-  std::vector<std::string> origEnv = GetEnvironmentVariables();
-
-  if (env && env->size()>0)
+  for(std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator eit = env.begin();
+      eit != env.end(); ++eit)
     {
-    std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator eit;
-
-    for (eit = env->begin(); eit!= env->end(); ++eit)
-      {
-      PutEnv(eit->c_str());
-      }
-    }
-
-  return origEnv;
-}
-
-//----------------------------------------------------------------------
-void cmSystemTools::RestoreEnv(const std::vector<std::string>& env)
-{
-  std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator eit;
-
-  // First clear everything in the current environment:
-  //
-  std::vector<std::string> currentEnv = GetEnvironmentVariables();
-  for (eit = currentEnv.begin(); eit!= currentEnv.end(); ++eit)
-    {
-    std::string var(*eit);
-
-    std::string::size_type pos = var.find("=");
-    if (pos != std::string::npos)
-      {
-      var = var.substr(0, pos);
-      }
-
-    UnsetEnv(var.c_str());
-    }
-
-  // Then put back each entry from the original environment:
-  //
-  for (eit = env.begin(); eit!= env.end(); ++eit)
-    {
-    PutEnv(eit->c_str());
+    cmSystemTools::PutEnv(eit->c_str());
     }
 }
 
@@ -1686,7 +1648,24 @@ cmSystemTools::SaveRestoreEnvironment::SaveRestoreEnvironment()
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 cmSystemTools::SaveRestoreEnvironment::~SaveRestoreEnvironment()
 {
-  cmSystemTools::RestoreEnv(this->Env);
+  // First clear everything in the current environment:
+  std::vector<std::string> currentEnv = GetEnvironmentVariables();
+  for(std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator
+        eit = currentEnv.begin(); eit != currentEnv.end(); ++eit)
+    {
+    std::string var(*eit);
+
+    std::string::size_type pos = var.find("=");
+    if (pos != std::string::npos)
+      {
+      var = var.substr(0, pos);
+      }
+
+    cmSystemTools::UnsetEnv(var.c_str());
+    }
+
+  // Then put back each entry from the original environment:
+  cmSystemTools::AppendEnv(this->Env);
 }
 #endif
 
diff --git a/Source/cmSystemTools.h b/Source/cmSystemTools.h
index 5f21de2d2..69673c938 100644
--- a/Source/cmSystemTools.h
+++ b/Source/cmSystemTools.h
@@ -371,16 +371,8 @@ public:
   /** Get the list of all environment variables */
   static std::vector<std::string> GetEnvironmentVariables();
 
-  /** Append multiple variables to the current environment.
-      Return the original environment, as it was before the
-      append. */
-  static std::vector<std::string> AppendEnv(
-    std::vector<std::string>* env);
-
-  /** Restore the full environment to "env" - use after
-      AppendEnv to put the environment back to the way it
-      was. */
-  static void RestoreEnv(const std::vector<std::string>& env);
+  /** Append multiple variables to the current environment. */
+  static void AppendEnv(std::vector<std::string> const& env);
 
   /** Helper class to save and restore the environment.
       Instantiate this class as an automatic variable on